35mm Camera

THEORY: When taking a picture of an area, you may capture a spirit/ghost on a photograph. The flash and the optics of the camera are able to amplify an object that you cannot see with the naked eye. For example: You can take a picture in a room and you cannot see the dust particles in the air, but when you look at the photograph you can see transparent circles, which is the dust caught on film.

HOW TO USE: The first thing you want to do is load the camera with 400-speed film. We feel that this is the best speed film to use indoors and outdoors, as well as day and night. While in the field take random pictures of an area, making sure you point the camera away from you. You don’t want to capture your breath in the picture, because it may look like a mist. Besides taking pictures of just random areas you also want to take pictures when asking EVP questions, or if there is any activity on any of the equipment.

RANGE: The range of the 35mm camera varies depending on what type of camera you are using.

READINGS: When analyzing the photographs you are looking for any type of anomalies in the photos that cannot be explained. Most of the time you will get orbs in your photos. When you get an orb in your photographs, keep in mind that water vapor or dust particles in the air will appear as orbs. Some of the things you are looking for when analyzing photographs are: orbs, mists, streaks, apparitions, etc.

The following compares and contrast the advantages/disadvantages of a 35mm film camera vs. a digital camera.

Digital camera:

Pros: Instant feedback, cheaper to use, much larger picture capacity than film (hundreds, even thousands of pictures can be take on a single memory chip) and sensitive to some infrared and ultraviolet.

Cons: Produces no negatives, not as high quality, no film to examine, built-in software may enhance images too much resulting in false results.

35mm camera:

Pros: Higher quality then digital, produces a negative, no built-in software to be fooled (what it sees it captures).

Cons: No instant feedback, more expensive to use (cost of developing), difficult/expensive to capture infrared or ultraviolet.

Also see our article on 35mm Cameras vs. Digital Cameras.

Audio Cassette Recorder (Analog Recorder)

THEORY: In theory a spirit/ghost may communicate with you through electronic voice phenomenon (EVP). EVP is picked up through an audio recording device. You cannot hear EVPs while they are happening. When you play the audio recording back, you will be able to hear them.

HOW TO USE: Make sure there is a blank 90-minute tape in the recorder. Make sure the speed is set to normal. Press the record button and wait 10 seconds before you start speaking. Then set up the tape by saying your name, date, time, and location. While investigating, ask EVP questions leaving a 20 to 30 second gap between each question. Make sure you have the recorder recording during the entire investigation so you don’t miss anything. When the investigation is complete, do a post wrap on the tape stating the time, date, and indicate that the investigation is complete.

RANGE: The range at which the recorder can pick up sounds is unknown.

READINGS: While analyzing the recording, you are looking for voices that were not present during the time of recording. You want to see if any of the questions you’ve asked were answered. You may also look for any unusual sounds, such as tapping/knocking, bells ringing, doors slamming, music playing etc. Make sure you listen to the entire recording, paying close attention from start to finish. You don’t want to miss anything.

Barometer

THEORY: In theory when a spirit/ghost starts to manifest it may cause an increase/decrease in barometric pressure.

HOW TO USE:

• Take base readings, so you can compare the readings you take out in the field, to see if there is any activity.
• Look for an increase/decrease in pressure during the investigation.
• When the investigation is complete, log your readings in the logbook.

RANGE: The range of readings on this meter is from 580mb to 1050mb.

READINGS: The unit of measurement for pressure is millibars (mb). If there is an increase/decrease of 20mb, then it could be considered paranormal activity. If pressure starts to decrease to 980mb or below, this means that there is a severe storm coming your way, or is present. If pressure decreases to 950mb, then that means there is a hurricane present. NOTE: If you have an Ion Counter present during the investigation when there is a decrease in pressure, due to a storm, then the Air Ion Counter should read positive ions in the air. If the pressure starts to increase during an investigation to 1000mb or above, then this could mean that the low-pressure storm system is moving away from you. NOTE: The readings listed for weather are based on coastal regions, not inland.

Carbon Monoxide Detector

DEFINITION: Carbon Monoxide (CO) is a colorless, odorless, and tasteless gas that is slightly lighter than air.

FACT: Carbon Monoxide (CO) is extremely harmful to humans and animals, causing possible death if exposed for a certain amount of time. On average 170 people in the US die of carbon monoxide poisoning each year from non-automotive consumer products. On average there are 16,000 cases of carbon monoxide poisoning reported each year in the US.

HOW TO USE: Turn the meter on and wait 15 seconds for it to warm up and then start taking readings of an area.

RANGE: The range on the meter is from 0ppm to 999ppm. The range from the meter to the active field is 0 – 1 foot.

SOURCES OF CARBON MONOXIDE: There are many different sources of carbon monoxide, given in the list below.

• Car exhaust, gas stoves, furnace with natural gas, oil, propane, wood.
• Fireplace: gas, wood, and coal. BBQ: propane and charcoal.
• Gardening tools: gas powered weed whacker, blower, lawn mower, snow blower, etc.
• Generators: gasoline, propane, and diesel. Hot water heaters Gas powered clothes dryers.
• Methylene Chloride (found in certain paints): when this chemical is inhaled in the lungs it can be converted to carbon monoxide.

SYMPTOMS: Nausea, Fatigue, Headaches/Migraines, Dizziness, Shortness of Breath, Errors in Judgment, Convulsions, Lightheadedness, Sore Eyes, Runny Nose, Brain Damage, Cardiac Arrest, and/or Death.

READINGS: The unit of measurement for this meter is parts per million (ppm).

• 0ppm-9ppm – Normal range of Carbon Monoxide exposure.
• 25ppm-50ppm – A maximum limit of 8 hours of continuous exposure to carbon monoxide before there are harmful effects.
• 70ppm-100ppm – A maximum limit of 3 hours of continuous exposure to carbon monoxide will lead to flu like symptoms, headaches, sore eyes, and runny nose.
• 100ppm – A maximum limit of 2-3 hours of continuous exposure to carbon monoxide will lead to headaches, fatigue, shortness of breath, and errors in judgment. At this exposure rate you should remove yourself from the location, and seek medical attention.
• 200ppm – A maximum limit of 2-3 hours of continuous exposure to carbon monoxide will lead to severe headache, fatigue, nausea, and dizziness.
• 400ppm – A maximum limit of 2 hours of continuous exposure to carbon monoxide will lead to severe headaches/migraines, unconsciousness, brain damage, and is life threatening.
• 800ppm – A maximum limit of 1 hour of continuous exposure to carbon monoxide will lead to extreme dizziness, nausea, convulsions, and death within a maximum of 2 hours.
• 1600ppm – A maximum limit of 20 minutes of exposure to carbon monoxide will lead to nausea, extreme dizziness, unconsciousness, and death within a maximum of 1 hour.
• NOTE: Any reading over 25ppm with continuous exposure to carbon monoxide for more than 3 hours is a concern for your health.

Compass

FACT: The compass point is affected by magnetic fields.

THEORY: In theory, spirits/ghosts will give off electro magnetic fields. This can cause the needle to spin or point in the wrong direction.

RANGE: The range of the compass is from your location to the magnetic north pole. Any magnetic fields surrounding the location could alter the direction of the needle.

HOW TO USE: First know what direction normal north is. During the investigation pay close attention to which direction the needle is pointing. When the investigation is complete write down the summary in the field report.

READINGS: A normal reading is always north. Possible paranormal activity is when the compass is reading the wrong direction or if it begins to spin.

Control Object

FACT: A control object is an object that is placed in a certain area and location that is marked, so if there is any movement then we will be aware of it.

THEORY: In theory a ghost/spirit may move an object that is stationary to either get your attention or because the object the ghost/spirit is moving had some kind of significant value when they were alive.

SET UP PROCESS: The first thing you need to do is determine which type of control object you’re going to use. Listed below are some examples of a control object and the set up process.

• Glass or Cup: Set up on a table and then mark the object down on the surface.
• Money/Coins: Set up on a table or counter top and mark the coins by putting a piece of paper underneath the coins and trace the coins on the paper without moving them.
• Keys: Set up keys on a table or counter, but be sure to mark the spot were the keys are placed.
• Jewelry: Set up a ring, watch etc. on a table on nightstand, but be sure to mark the spot were the jewelry is placed.
• Pen: Set up by drawing a line down a piece of paper and place down on a surface. Then place the pen directly on the line.
• Baby Powder/Flour: Set up by placing the powder on a clean surface such as a table, to see if you get a handprint.

READINGS: A paranormal reading will consist of any unusual movement from the control object from the set place that the object started at. If your control object is flour or baby powder, make sure the surface is completely clean, with no finger print residue. If the surface is not completely clean, any old fingerprints that were left behind will start to appear through the powder, showing you a fingerprint or a handprint that could be easily mistaken for paranormal activity. If the surface you’re using is completely clean and a handprint appears, it may be paranormal.

Digital Audio Recorder

THEORY: In theory a spirit/ghost may communicate with you through electronic voice phenomenon (EVP). EVP is picked up through an audio recording device. You cannot hear EVPs while they are happening. When you play the audio recording back, you will be able to hear them.

HOW TO USE: The first thing you need to do is turn on the device and set up a pre-wrap by saying your name, date, time, and location. While investigating ask EVP questions leaving a 20 to 30 second gap between each question. Make sure your recorder is on and recording the entire duration of the investigation so we don’t miss anything. Slide the hold switch to ensure you don’t pause the recorder by mistake. When the investigation is complete, do a post wrap on the recorder re-stating the time, date, and indicate that the investigation is complete. You will need to put the hold switch back to its original position to stop the recording.

RANGE: The range at which the recorder can pick up sounds is unknown.

READINGS: While analyzing the recording you are looking for voices that were not present during the time of recording. You want to see if any of the questions you’ve asked were answered. You may also look for any unusual sounds, such as tapping/knocking, bells ringing, doors slamming, music playing etc. A digital audio recorder is much more sufficient than an audio cassette recorder because the digital recorder can record longer than a tape, it is more clearer than a tape, and has more functions than a tape recorder has to offer. Digital audio files are easier to download into a computer and analyze using programs such as Audacity, Cool Edit, Windows Media Player, etc. The digital audio file is more convenient than a bunch of audiocassette tapes lying around. Make sure you listen to the entire recording, paying close attention from start to finish. You don’t want to miss anything.

Digital Camera

THEORY: When taking a picture of an area, you may capture a spirit/ghost on a photograph. The flash and the optics of the camera are able to amplify an object that you cannot see with the naked eye. For example: You can take a picture in a room and you cannot see the dust particles in the air, but when you look at the photograph you can see transparent circles, which is the dust caught on film.

HOW TO USE: The digital camera has a much higher quality than the 35mm camera. Depending on which digital camera you use there are many different settings on it. We use the finest setting for taking pictures, which is the highest quality. While in the field take random pictures of an area, making sure you point the camera away from you. You don’t want to capture your breath in the picture, because it may look like a mist. Besides taking pictures of just random areas you also want to take pictures when asking EVP questions, or if there is any activity on any of the equipment.

RANGE: The range of the digital camera varies depending on what type of camera you are using.

READINGS: When analyzing the photographs you are looking for any type of anomalies in the photos that cannot be explained. When using a digital camera there will be many times that you get orbs in your photos. Because the digital camera is a higher quality than the 35mm camera, it will pick up more objects in the air such as water vapor and dust particles. Some of the things you are looking for when analyzing photographs are: orbs, mists, streaks, apparitions, etc.

Digital EMF Meter (Electro Magnetic Field)

FACT: EMF meters detect electromagnetic fields.

THEORY: Theory #1: When a spirit/ghost manifests, it gives off an electromagnetic field, which may be picked up by an EMF meter.

Theory #2: When a spirit/ghost manifests, it needs energy to do so. In an area where there is a high EMF field, the spirit/ghost may draw in that high EMF and manifest.

RANGE: The unit of measurement for this EMF meter is milligaus or mg. The range on the meter is 0mg to 199.9mg. The range from the meter to the active field is 0 to 8 feet, depending on how strong the electromagnetic field is.

HOW TO USE: The first thing you do is walk through the investigation site and search for anything within the surrounding the area that could cause an electrical disturbance and throw off the meter. Upon arriving to the investigation site, you must get a general base reading of your location. While walking around the site, you must hold the meter steadily because too much movement could throw off the reading. If you get an unusual reading, study the area and try to figure out what could be causing it. When the investigation is over, be sure to document your average reading and any unusual readings in the field report.

READINGS: Normal readings are from 0mg to 1.5mg. Paranormal readings are from 1.5mg to 8mg. Paranormal activity can occur lower than 1.5mg if the base is low. For example, if you are getting a base reading of .1mg to .3mg, and then the meter jumps to 1.2mg, then this may be paranormal activity.

Digital Electro Static Meter

FACT: The Digital Electro Static Meter detects static electricity from a number of sources. Here are some examples of static electricity. Clothing such as nylon and fleece, television sets, carpeted floors, etc., give off the most static electricity.

THEORY: In theory when a ghost/spirit manifests it will give off a static electric charge that can be picked up by this meter.

HOW TO USE:

1. Press the on button and release.
2. Discharge your body by touching a grounded object.
3. Press and hold the “on/zero” button until the meter reads zero, with the meter facing a grounded object.
4. Use the LED distance indicator to position the meter 1 inch from the target (grounded object) until the LED indicator lights stay lit.
5. Press and release the “hold/off” button to take readings.
6. When the investigation is complete make sure you log your readings in the field report book.

RANGE: The range on this meter is from +/- 0.00kV/inch to +/- 19.99kV/inch. The range from the meter to the active field is from 0 – 4 feet.

READINGS: The Unit of measurement for this meter is kilovolt per inch kV/inch. Paranormal activity occurs between +/- 5kV/inch from your base reading. Be aware of the weather patters that day to check to see if there are any thunderstorms in the area, and check the environment on location because things may throw off your readings.

Digital Geiger Counter/Microwave Detector

FACT: This Geiger Counter detects microwave radiation.

THEORY: : In theory, when a spirit/ghost manifests, it may give off radiation that may be picked up by this meter.

HOW TO USE: Point and hold down the orange button. Wait for calibration to occur. Calibration occurs when the numbers jump up to 9.99mw/cm2, beeps, and goes back down to 0.00mw/cm2. When it hits 0.00mw/cm2, keep holding the button. While on the investigation walk around the area checking for any abnormal readings. If you get an abnormal reading, try to locate where it is coming from. When the investigation is over, write down your readings in the field report.

RANGE: The range on the meter is 0mw/cm2 to 9.99mw/cm2. The range from the meter to the active field is 0 to 2 feet.

READINGS: The unit of measurement on this meter is mw/cm2 (microwave per centimeter squared). Normal readings are from 0mw/cm2 to 0.5mw/cm2. Paranormal readings are from 0.5mw/cm2 to 3.0mw/cm2. Once the meter is calibrated and starts to beep, the reading will be in the range of 5mw/cm2 to 9.99mw/cm2.

Digital Thermometer

FACT: The digital thermometer detects ambient temperatures in Fahrenheit or Celsius.

THEORY: : In theory when a spirit/ghost starts to manifest, it will draw in heat energy around the area, causing either a cold spot or a hot spot. A cold spot would form because the heat energy is being sucked out of the air, causing the air around the entity to be cold. A hot spot would form because the heat energy is being sucked out of the air and confined to a specific area causing a hot spot.

HOW TO USE: The first thing you want to do is make sure the thermometer is set to Fahrenheit. Unravel the cord and probe to give you a more accurate reading. Take a base reading to compare to your other readings later on. During the investigation, walk around and look for any differences in temperature. When the investigation is complete write down your temperature readings in the field report.

RANGE: The range of the cord with the probe is 10 feet. The range from the probe to the active field is 0 to 1 foot.

READINGS: A normal reading is usually a 5-degree difference from your base reading. Typically a paranormal reading has a minimum of a 10-degree increase/decrease from your base reading. If you get a drop in temperature, the drop is called a cold spot. You may also get an increase in temperature, which would then be called a hot spot. Hot spots are rare but they do occur.

Dowsing Rods

THEORY: In theory, spirits/ghosts give off spiritual energy. Any energy that surrounds the dowsing rods will cause them to either cross or uncross.

HOW TO USE: At the investigation site you should hold out the dowsing rods, one in each hand, very steadily. If they cross, get someone with an EMF meter to confirm the reading. You may also start with them crossed and if they uncross check with and EMF meter as well.

RANGE: The range of dowsing rods to the active field is 0 – 2 feet. If a body of water is in the surrounding area, the range can be up to a ¼ mile

READINGS: It is considered paranormal activity when the rods cross. The more they cross the stronger the energy field is. The dowsing rods can be made up of wood, brass, or various types of metals. Dowsing rods made up of any kind of metal can pick up electro magnetic energy. Bodies of water such as rivers, lakes, streams and oceans can effect the wooden rods.

DVR (Digital Video Recorder)

DVR stands for Digital Video Recorder. Our DVR system has a 250-gigabyte hard drive, with 4 Infrared (IR) Cameras. The range of the cameras is 0 – 70 feet. Some of the features on our DVR system are that you’re able to record 4 cameras simultaneously. You’re able to view one camera at a time or in a 4-way split screen. You’re able to either speed up or slow down the recording for better analysis. You’re able to burn a segment of the footage that you have recorded.

There are two types of cameras we may use: One of the types is a hard line camera, which means that you have to run wires from the DVR System to each camera you’re using. The other types of cameras we may use are wireless cameras, which means that there are no wires involved in connecting the camera to the DVR System. Some of the problems with wireless cameras are that the signal may cut out while you’re recording. Another problem is that you’re restricted to a certain range for the wireless cameras to work.

The objective of the DVR System is to try and capture paranormal activity, such as a ghost or an apparition on video. By using the DVR system, this enhances your chance of capturing something on video because you can use up to 4 cameras, at different locations, at a time.

Digital Electrosmog Meter

FACT: The Digital Electrosmog Meter has two settings: one that detects wave field strengths of radio frequencies, and the other EMF fields.

THEORY: Theory # 1: When a spirit/ghost is trying to manifest, it may generate a radio frequency, which may be detected by this meter.

Theory # 2: In theory a spirit/ghost can communicate with you through this meter by tapping into different radio frequencies and lighting up the LED lights. There would be 2 dashes of light if the answer is “yes,” and 1 dash of light if the answer is “no.” (This is Chris Flemming’s theory on the K-II Meter.) NOTE: At this time LIPI is in the process of testing this theory in the field.

Theory #3: When a spirit/ghost manifests, it gives off an electromagnetic field, which may be picked up by an EMF meter.

Theory #4: When a spirit/ghost manifests, it needs energy to do so. In an area where there is a high EMF field, the spirit/ghost may draw in that high EMF and manifest.

HOW TO USE: To turn on the meter by pressing the power button on. Decide whether you want the meter to detect radio frequencies or EMF. Once you decide, press the top black button until it reads what you want it to. Hold the meter vertically to get an accurate reading. If the meter gets a reading, try to locate where the reading is coming from by going over your previous pathway. When the investigation is complete, write down your readings in the field report.

RANGE: Radio Frequencies: The range on the meter at this setting is –55dBm to –5dBm. The broad bandwidth range is from 1MHz to 8 GHz. The range from the meter to the active field depends on the strength of the source. Listed are some known ranges. Wireless routers 0-50 feet, Cellular phones 0-12 feet, Walkie-talkies 0-20 feet, CB radios 0-50 feet, Car alarms 0-6 feet, and Microwaves (turned on) 0-50 feet.

EMF: The range on the meter at this setting is 0mg to 545mg. The range from the meter to the active field is from 0 – 6 feet, depending on how strong the electromagnetic field is.

READINGS: Radio Frequencies: The unit of measurement on this meter is decibels of the measured power reference to one milliwat (dBm). (dBm) is a unit for power measurement. Normal activity through this meter is –55dBm to –35dBm. Paranormal activity occurs between –30dBm to –15dBm. Any readings above –10dBm is probably non paranormal. This meter will detect all different types of things that give off or generate radio frequencies, such as wireless routers, cellular phones, walkie-talkies, CB radios, police scanners, car alarms, microwave ovens, etc. The readings for Theory #2 are that the LED lights will blink twice for “yes,” and once for “no.”

EMF: The unit of measure for this setting is milligaus (mg). Normal readings are from 0mg to 1.5mg. Paranormal readings are from 1.5mg to 8mg. Paranormal activity can occur lower than 1.5mg if the base is low. For example, if you are getting a base reading of 0.1mg to 0.3mg, and then the meter jumps to 1.2mg, then this may be paranormal activity.

Electrosmog Meter 2

FACT: The Electrosmog Meter detects wave field strengths of radio frequencies. This meter does not detect magnetic fields.

THEORY: Theory # 1: When a ghost is trying to manifest, it may generate a radio frequency, which may be detected by this meter.

Theory # 2: In theory a spirit can communicate with you through this meter by tapping into different radio frequencies and lighting up the LED lights. There would be 2 dashes of light if the answer is “yes,” and 1 dash of light if the answer is “no.” (This is Chris Flemmings theory on the K-II Meter.) NOTE: At this time LIPI is in the process of testing this theory in the field.

HOW TO USE: To turn on the meter, switch the button on the side to the “on” position. Hold the meter vertically to get an accurate reading. If the meter gets a reading, try to locate where the reading is coming from by going over your previous pathway. When the investigation is complete, write down your readings in the field report.

RANGE: The range on this meter is –55dBm to –5dBm, and a broad bandwidth range of 300MHz to 3GHz. The range from the meter to the active field depends on the strength of the source. Listed are some known ranges. Wireless routers 0-50 feet, Cellular phones 0-12 feet, Walkie-talkies 0-20 feet, CB radios 0-50 feet, Car alarms 0-6 feet, and Microwaves (turned on) 0-50 feet.

READINGS: The unit of measurement on this meter is decibels of the measured power reference to one milliwatt (dBm). (dBm) is a unit for power measurement. Normal activity through this meter is –55dBm to –35dBm. Paranormal activity occurs between –30dBm to –15dBm. Any readings above –10dBm is probably non paranormal. This meter will detect all different types of things that give off or generate radio frequencies, such as wireless routers, cellular phones, walkie-talkies, CB radios, police scanners, car alarms, microwave ovens, etc. The readings for Theory # 2, is that the LED lights will blink twice for “yes,” and once for “no.”

EMF Cell Sensor

FACT: EMF meters detect electromagnetic fields.

THEORY: Theory #1: When a spirit/ghost manifests, it gives off an electromagnetic field, which may be picked up by an EMF meter.

Theory #2: When a spirit/ghost manifests, it needs energy to do so. In an area where there is a high EMF field, the spirit/ghost may draw in that high EMF and manifest.

HOW TO USE: In the field you want to walk around, away from other people, and look for any type of readings. While you’re walking around, you want to check for any type of power lines or power outlets because it can affect your readings. If you get a reading, stop and try to locate the source.

RANGE: The range on this meter is 0mg to 5mg. The range from the meter to the active field is 0 – 6 feet.

READINGS: Readings on all EMF meters are in milligauss (mg). A normal reading occurs between 0mg to 1.5mg. Paranormal activity occurs between 1.5mg to 3.5mg. This meter will start to light up and beep when it reaches 1.5mg to warn you that you’re in a high electromagnetic field. Paranormal activity may also cause the needle on the meter to have erratic movement.

EMF Electro Sensor

FACT: EMF meters detect electromagnetic fields.

THEORY: Theory #1: When a spirit/ghost manifests, it gives off an electromagnetic field, which may be picked up by an EMF meter.

Theory #2: When a spirit/ghost manifest it needs energy to do so. In an area where there are high EMF fields, the spirit/ghost may draw in that high EMF and manifest.

HOW TO USE: Hold the button on the side of the meter. Point the meter away from you, scanning the area for any occurrences of magnetic fields. If the meter gets a reading try to locate where the reading is coming from by going over your previous pathway. When the investigation is complete write down your readings in the field report.

RANGE: The range on this EMF meter is 0mg to 30mg. The range from the meter to the active field is 0 to 6 feet.

READINGS: The unit of measurement on all EMF meters is milligaus (mg). Normal activity through this meter is 0mg to 2mg. Paranormal activity occurs between 3mg to 8mg. Any readings above 8mg is probably non paranormal. There are many things that can throw off EMF readings, such as speakers, electrical wires, television sets, computers, appliances, electrical outlets, Romex cable, power lines etc., so be aware of your surroundings.

EMF Enzone

FACT: EMF meters detect electromagnetic fields.

THEORY: Theory #1: When a spirit/ghost manifests, it gives off an electromagnetic field, which may be picked up by an EMF meter.

Theory #2: When a spirit/ghost manifest it needs energy to do so. In an area where there are high EMF fields, the spirit/ghost may draw in that high EMF and manifest.

HOW TO USE: Turn the button to the “on” position on the side of the meter. Point the meter away from you, scanning the area for any occurrences of magnetic fields. If the meter gets a reading try to locate where the reading is coming from by going over your previous pathway. When the investigation is complete write down your readings in the field report.

RANGE: The range on this EMF meter is 0mg to 8+mg. The range from the meter to the active field is 0 to 1 foot.

READINGS: The unit of measurement on all EMF meters is milligaus (mg). Normal activity through this meter occurs between 0mg to 2.5mg (safe). Paranormal activity occurs between 2.5mg to 7mg (caution). Any readings above 8mg (danger) is probably non paranormal. There are many things that can throw off EMF readings, such as speakers, electrical wires, television sets, computers, appliances, electrical outlets, Romex cable, power lines etc., so be aware of your surroundings.

EMF Multidetecker II

FACT: EMF meters detect electromagnetic fields.

THEORY: Theory #1: When a spirit/ghost manifests, it gives off an electromagnetic field, which may be picked up by an EMF meter.

Theory #2: When a spirit/ghost manifests, it needs energy to do so. In an area where there is a high EMF field, the spirit/ghost may draw in that high EMF and manifest.

HOW TO USE: The first thing you want to do is to set the meter to X-1. When you’re in the field you want to walk around away from other people and hold the button on the side, looking for any type of readings. While you’re walking around, check for any type of power lines or power outlets because it can affect your readings. If you get a paranormal reading try to find out what the cause may be.

RANGE: The range on this meter is 0mg to 11mg. The range from the meter to the active field is 0 to 30 feet.

READINGS: Readings on all EMF meters are in milligauss (mg). A normal reading with this EMF meter is 0mg to 3mg. A paranormal reading with this EMF meter is from 4mg to 7mg.

Energy Loss Meter

FACT: This meter detects battery voltage.

THEORY:

Theory # 1: When a spirit/ghost starts to manifest, it is said that the spirit/ghost will draw in any energy around the area. In theory, if a spirit/ghost starts to manifest, the meter will have a sudden drop in battery power.

Theory # 2: The Bermuda Triangle Theory. When airplanes, helicopters, and boats go through the Bermuda Triangle, their gauges may malfunction due to a high electro magnetic field in that area.

HOW TO USE: Turn on the meter and write down the starting voltage. If the battery is below 7 volts, change it. This meter uses a 9-volt battery. While out in the field you should walk around holding the meter steady, making sure you do not make any sudden movements because it may cause the needle to jump. You are looking for any erratic movement from the needle and/or sudden drops/drainage in voltage. At the end of the investigation you will write down the readings that you have gotten.

RANGE: The range on the meter is 0 to 15 volts. The range from the meter to the active field is 0 to 1 foot.

READINGS: A normal reading is whatever the voltage of the battery is when you turn it on, with no unusual movement or sudden drops. A paranormal reading is any erratic movement through the needle and/or any sudden drops in battery voltage.

Flash Lights

We use flashlights for many reasons. One of the reasons is to see where we are going in the dark, and so we can see what the readings are on our equipment. Our flashlights have different color lenses such as red, clear, yellow, blue, purple, green, and orange. The best color lens to use in the dark is red, because red light is the easiest for your eyes to adjust to in the dark. Another reason we use red light so we do not get spotted from a distance from other people because red light is the hardest to see from a distance. Every group should have at least one flashlight on them. If we don’t split up into groups during an investigation then we should have at least 4 flashlights. If you are an NCO or higher then you are not required to use a red lens cover. If your rank is lower than NCO then you are required to use a red lens cover. When using a flashlight you should not point it at the lenses of a 35mm camera, digital camera, any of the handheld video cameras, and/or DVR cameras, because it may cause damage to the lens.

Basic Geiger Counter

FACT: This Geiger Counter detects gamma radiation.

THEORY: In theory when a spirit/ghost manifests it may give off some kind of radiation.

HOW TO USE: The first thing you want to do is zero out the Geiger Counter to make sure it is calibrated. Then set the counter to X-1. Let the counter warm up for at least 5 minutes to get accurate readings. Then walk around the investigation site and see if you get any paranormal readings.

RANGE: The range on the Geiger Counter is 0 to 5r/hr. The range from the meter to the active field is 0 to 10 feet.

READINGS: The unit of measure for this Geiger Counter is r/hr, rads per hour. Normal readings occur between 0 to 1.5r/hr. Paranormal readings occur between 1.5 to 3.5r/hr, and/or erratic movement of the needle.

IM-179 Geiger Counter

FACT: This Geiger Counter detects gamma radiation.

THEORY: In theory when a spirit/ghost manifests it may give off some kind of radiation.

HOW TO USE: Hold down the “test” button to check the battery, if it jumps into the red area, the battery is good. In the field you must hold down the “read” button to get a reading.

RANGE: The range on the meter is .02r/hr to 200r/hr. The range from the meter to the active field is 0 – 10 feet.

READINGS: A normal reading is 0 to 1. A paranormal reading can range from 1 to 20 and/or erratic movement through the needle. The unit of measure that this Geiger Counter uses is r/hr, rads per hour.

Germanium Diode

FACT: Germanium is a chemical element (Ge) (atomic number 32 on the Periodic Table of Elements). It is crystalline and often used in semi-conductor manufacturing. Natural and synthetic crystals have been used to tune radio receivers. Early AM radios used a crystal for reception. The power of the AM signal operated the radio (no external power source).

THEORY: GThe Germanium Diode is used as a basic form of the Frank's Box. Originally called the “Ghost Box,” the box scans a range of AM radio frequencies that inventor, Frank Sumption, claims are most used by paranormal entities. Chris Moon later modified the box (and changed the name to "Frank's Box") to allow for tuning to specific AM radio settings. A Germanium Diode can receive AM radio signals if the signal is strong enough. There is no tuning; the diode receives all frequencies available. In theory, if a nearby paranormal entity is trying to communicate on an AM frequency, the diode will receive it.

HOW TO USE: Solder a Germanium Diode to a standard microphone plug. Attach the cathode end to the plug's center terminal and the anode end to the outer terminal. Plug the diode into the microphone jack on an audio recorder (digital is preferred) and turn on the recorder. Any AM radio signals received will be recorded. You can also ask EVP questions. Note that since the power level of the diode input is very low, certain models of audio recorders may not fully switch over from the internal microphone to external microphone input. It may be necessary to cover the recorder's internal microphone to prevent audio contamination.

RANGE: 0 to 10 feet. Possibly more or less depending on the strength of the signal.

READINGS: While analyzing the recording you are looking for voices that were not present during the time of recording. You want to see if any of the questions you’ve asked were answered. Be aware of normal radio broadcast signals that might be misinterpreted as EVPs.

Investigation Field Report

Field reports are used to document investigations and keep track of readings on all of the equipment that is used on an investigation. Field reports can also be used to compare previous data from the same investigation site. Field reports are also good because we can document whatever has taken place on our investigation. When using different types of equipment on an investigation, your report will have more information about what happened during the investigation. We also record information off of the Ghost Weather Station (GWS), which is shown below, such as Moon phases, Solar X-Rays, and Geomagnetic Field. We also record GWS current weather conditions, and that data consists of Current Temperature, Dew Point, Humidity, Barometric Pressure, UV Index Wind, and Weather Conditions, such as cloudy, rainy, breezy, fair etc. Having these documents to look back upon is the best way to declare a site haunted or not haunted or to show proof of evidence we have.

For keeping a record of paranormal activity on your home use our FREE Paranormal Activity Log.

Ion Counter

Theory

When a ghost/spirit is manifesting it may interrupt the ion count in the air, causing an increase or decrease in the ion count. Click Here to read more about the Air Ion Theory.

The counter could read positive ions if there is synthetic clothing around, weather patterns such as wind blowing, a thunderstorm, a full moon etc. Also uranium thorium produces very high positive ion readings. Positive Ions have a negative effect on humans and animals. Some of the side effects caused by a high positive ion count are as follows: violent behavior, road rage, depression, dizziness, chills, tremors, sleeplessness, fatigue, irritability, nausea, lethargy, respiratory symptoms, headaches/migraines, increase in heart attacks, high blood pressure, increase in optical disturbances, anxiety, body aches/pains etc. Studies have been conducted for many years showing a clear correlation between the presence of a full moon and an increase in car accidents, crime, suicide etc. The police and hospitals know it’s going to be a busy night when there is a full moon out. When doing private investigations it is important to listen to the client’s claims. If they have any of the feelings/problems listed above, we should pay close attention to it.

Negative Ions

The counter could read negative ions if there are certain weather patterns such as: after a storm, wind blowing, ion generator/ionic breeze. It is known that there is a high negative ion count on beaches/lakes/rivers/oceans etc. Negative ions are beneficial to humans and animals. It has been proven that a negative ion generator is a better source of an antidepressant than antidepressant drugs according to the Good Drug Guide. A high count of negative ions will decrease fatigue, reduce migraines/headaches, strengthen the function of autonomic nerves, strengthen the bodies immune system, improves metabolism, improves asthma and other respiratory conditions, lowers blood pressure etc. The USDA states that ionizing a room leads to 95% less bacteria in the air, 52% less dust, and negative ions also reduce air borne salmonella particles. Negative ions have no negative side effects, but are completely beneficial leaving you with feelings of well-being and good health. Negative ions actually have a positive effect on humans and animals.

HOW TO USE:

• Before turning on the meter, there should be “no polarity” selected and the upper right switch should be set to "standby".
• Turn the knob to 19.99, and let the meter warm up for 50 seconds.
• Zero out the meter by flipping the upper right switch to re-zero for 5 seconds.
• Release the switch and it will automatically go back to “standby.” (Now the meter is ready for use)
• At this point the switch on the upper left should be in the middle of the + and – for polarity.
• The upper right switch should be set to standby. The knob should be set to 19.99.
• Take a base reading on site just to give you an example of what the ions are reading that day.
• Before use, you need to check out weather patterns that day.
• Before use, you must know the general environment of the investigation site.
• To take accurate readings hold the meter vertically away from you without moving for 10 seconds.
• Wind may throw off your readings.
• Report any abnormal readings right away to make a determination on what the reading is, and try to trace it to its source.

RANGE:

• The ion counter takes in air from 0 to 1 foot, but this depends on the strength of the source.
• If there is a strong source, the range will be further away.
• Airflow into the counter is 800cm3/sec. Linear speed is 40cm/sec.
• Dynamic range is 10 ions/cm3 (corresponds to 10 micro volts at detector plate) to 1,999,000 ions/cm3.

CEM IR Thermometer (Infra Red)

FACT: The CEM IR Thermometer detects surface temperatures in Fahrenheit or Celsius. IR stands for Infrared. The thermometer shoots out an infrared beam hitting a surface and relaying the temperature of the surface back to you.

THEORY: In theory when a spirit/ghost starts to manifest, it will draw in heat energy around the area, causing either a cold spot or a hot spot. A cold spot would form because the heat energy is being sucked out of the air, causing the air around the entity to be cold. A hot spot would form because the heat energy is being sucked out of the air and confined to a specific area, causing a hot spot.

READINGS: A normal reading is usually a 5-degree difference from your base reading. Typically a paranormal reading has a minimum of a 10-degree increase/decrease from your base reading. If you get a drop in temperature, the drop is called a cold spot. You may also get an increase in temperature, which would then be called a hot spot. Hot spots are rare but they do occur.

RS IR Thermometer (Infra Red)

FACT: The RSHK IR thermometer detects surface temperatures in Fahrenheit. IR stands for Infrared. The thermometer shoots out an infrared beam hitting a surface and relaying the temperature of the surface back to you.

THEORY: In theory when a spirit/ghost starts to manifest, it will draw in heat energy around the area, causing either a cold spot or a hot spot. A cold spot would form because the heat energy is being sucked out of the air, causing the air around the entity to be cold. A hot spot would form because the heat energy is being sucked out of the air and confined to a specific area, causing a hot spot.

HOW TO USE: The first thing you want to do is to get a base reading so you can compare your data later on. Hold the yellow button on the side to take temperature readings. While in the field you want to scan the area looking for any temperature changes. If you get a cold spot or a hot spot then investigate the area. When the investigation is complete make sure to write down your readings in the field report.

RANGE: The temperature range on this meter is unknown.

READINGS: A normal reading is usually a 5-degree difference from your base reading. Typically a paranormal reading has a minimum of a 10-degree increase/decrease from your base reading. If you get a drop in temperature, the drop is called a cold spot. You may also get an increase in temperature, which would then be called a hot spot. Hot spots are rare but they do occur.

IR (Infrared) Light

IR light or Infrared light is an asset in paranormal investigation. IR lights can be used with video cameras that have night shot capabilities. The night shot feature allows you to record at night by shooting an IR beam out and reflecting it with starlight or moonlight, allowing you to see in the dark. The IR light used with the night shot feature allows you to see a lot more than just using night shot. The IR light improves clarity and allows you to see a greater distance and more of an area, which can capture more on video.

Click here to read our article about the use of different light spectrums for paranormal investigation.

K-2 Meter (K2, K-II)

FACT: EMF meters detect electromagnetic fields.

THEORY: : Theory #1: When a spirit/ghost manifests, it gives off an electromagnetic field, which may be picked up by an EMF meter.

Theory #2: When a spirit/ghost manifests, it needs energy to do so. In an area where there are high EMF fields the spirit/ghost may draw in that high EMF and manifest.

Theory # 3: In theory, a spirit can communicate with you through this meter by lighting up the LED lights. There would be 2 dashes of light if the answer is yes, and 1 dash of light if the answer is no. (This is Chris Flemmings theory on the K-II Meter.)

NOTE: At this time LIPI is in the process of testing this theory in the field. Click Here to read about our study.

HOW TO USE: Hold the button on the front of the meter. Point the meter away from you, scanning the area for any variations of magnetic fields. If the meter gets a reading, try to locate where the reading is coming from by going over your previous pathway. When the investigation is complete, write down your readings in the field report.

RANGE: The range on this EMF meter is 1mg to 20+mg. The range from the meter to the active field is 0 to 6 feet.

READINGS: The unit of measurement on all EMF meters is milligauss (mg). Normal activity through this meter is 0mg to 2mg. Paranormal activity occurs between 2.5mg to 10mg. Any readings above 10mg is probably non paranormal. There are many things that can throw off EMF readings, such as speakers, electrical wires, television sets, computers, appliances, electrical outlets, romex cable, power lines etc., so be aware of your surroundings. The readings for theory # 2 is that the LED lights will blink twice for yes, and once for no.

MEL-8704 EMF Meter

FACT: EMF meters detect electromagnetic fields.

THEORY: Theory #1: When a spirit/ghost manifests, it gives off an electromagnetic field, which may be picked up by an EMF meter.

Theory #2: When a spirit/ghost manifests, it needs energy to do so. In an area where there is a high EMF field, the spirit/ghost may draw in that high EMF and manifest.

HOW TO USE: The first thing you’re going to do is press the power button, which will turn the meter on. Then press the unit button one time to change the setting to 0.0mg. When the meter is set up, do a walk through of the investigation site and find out if there is anything surrounding the area that could cause an electrical disturbance and throw off the meter. While doing a walk through, get a general base reading of the location. While walking around the site you must hold the meter steadily because too much movement could throw off the reading. If you get an unusual reading, study the area and try to figure out what could be causing it. When the investigation is over, be sure to document your average reading and any unusual readings in the field report.

RANGE: The unit of measurement for this EMF meter is milligaus (mg). The range on the meter is 0mg to 188mg. The range from the meter to the active field is 0 to 8 feet, depending on how strong the electromagnetic field is.

READINGS: Normal readings are from 0mg to 1.5mg. Paranormal readings are from 1.5mg to 8mg. Paranormal activity can occur lower than 1.5mg if the base is low. For example, if you are getting a base reading of .1mg to .3mg, and then the meter jumps to 1.2mg, this may be paranormal activity.

EXTRAS: This meter also has an ambient thermometer built into it that will detect temperature changes from 1 foot away. This meter can also record your highest and lowest EMF reading throughout its time of use during an investigation.

(IR) Night Vision

FACT: IR Night Vision is used to see better in the dark by amplifying starlight, moonlight, and using an IR beam. IR stands for Infrared. We use Generation I Night Vision. Generation V Night Vision is the best, but it is also the most expensive.

THEORY: If there is a spirit/ghost present during an investigation, you may see it better through night vision because the IR light may reflect off of the spirit/ghost allowing you to see it.

HOW TO USE: The first thing you want to do is make sure that the area you are investigating is completely dark. If the area has a light source present you may not be able to use it because extensive light will damage the optics in the scope. You need to take the lens cap off and turn on the night vision scope as well as the IR light. While investigating you need to scan the area for any anomalies. We also use night vision when we send a person to scout out the area so they can see if there is anything in our pathway.

RANGE: Range from the scope to the active field is 300 feet.

READINGS: While looking through the scope, if you see any unusual activity or movement, it may be paranormal. If you see something that you think is paranormal then you should go to the area with other equipment to investigate it.

Static Meter

FACT: The Electro Static Meter detects static electricity from a number of sources. Here are some examples of static electricity: clothing such as nylon and fleece, television sets, carpeted floors, etc., give off the most static electricity.

THEORY: In theory when a ghost/spirit manifests it will give off a static electric charge that can be picked up by this meter.

HOW TO USE:

1. Check the weather for the day, paying close attention to see if there are any thunderstorms in the area because this may have an effect on your readings.
2. Set the meter to X100.
3. Warm up the meter by pressing and holding the “on” button for 30 seconds, making sure you are grounded properly.
4. Take readings by holding down the “on” button, scanning an area. If you get a reading, check other pieces of equipment to see if they are getting hits as well.
5. After the investigation is complete, make sure you log your readings in the field report book.

RANGE: TThe range on this meter is from +/- 0kV/inch to +/- 30kV/inch. The range from the meter to the active field is from 0 – 6 feet.
 

READINGS:The Unit of measurement for this meter is kilovolts per inch kV/inch. Paranormal activity occurs between +/- 1000kV/inch to +/- 2000kV/inch. Be aware of the weather patters that day and check the environment on location because things may throw off your readings. When giving readings you need to multiply your reading by 100. For example: If your reading is – 10kV/inch, it is actually –1000kV/inch.

Strobe Light

FACT: When viewing movable objects with a strobe light, they appear to move slower than they actually are.

CLAIMS: There have been reports that when people see an apparition or a shadow person etc., they claim that it moves extremely fast down a hallway or into a room etc.

THEORY: If you set up a strobe light where there has been activity of an apparition or shadow person, in theory, when the apparition or shadow person enters into the room, hallway, etc., it may slow down the movement of the apparition or shadow person so you will be able to capture it on either photographs or video.

HOW TO USE:

• Set up the strobe light in an active area.
• Turn the strobe light on to the “medium” speed.
• When using the strobe light there should either be a video camera or a photograph camera available.
• NOTE: If you take pictures while the strobe light is on, the flickering light may interfere with your photographs.

RANGE: The ideal range for this strobe light would be a medium size room or small hallway. For larger strobe lights, you can set them up in larger rooms and longer hallways.

READINGS: What you are looking for is any strange and/or unusual movement
 

Temperature Data Logger

FACT: The Temp Data Logger detects ambient air temperatures in Fahrenheit or Celsius.

THEORY: In theory when a spirit/ghost starts to manifest, it will draw in heat energy around the area, causing either a cold spot or a hot spot. A cold spot would form because the heat energy is being sucked out of the air causing the air around the entity to be cold. A hot spot would form because the heat energy is being sucked out of the air and confined to a specific area causing a hot spot.

HOW TO USE:

• Click the set up and start the USB Data Logger.
• Type in the investigation location for the Logger Name.
• Select Fahrenheit.
• Set the sample rate to 10sec (45 hours).
• Set a low alarm of 20 degrees lower than the base readings.
• Select a start time (Estimated start time of the investigation).
• Select a start date (Date of the investigation).
• When the investigation is complete, plug the logger into the USB port of a computer and print out the temperature data sheet.
   

RANGE: This thermometer will take readings within a 1-foot radius around the thermometer.

READINGS: A normal reading is usually a 5-degree difference from your base reading. A paranormal reading is usually a minimum of 10 degrees increase/decrease from your base reading. If you get a drop in temperature, the drop is called a cold spot. You may also get an increase in temperature, which would then be called a hot spot. Hot spots are rare but they do occur.

TH-2A Thermometer

FACT: The TH-2A thermometer detects ambient temperatures in Fahrenheit or Celsius. IR stands for Infrared. The thermometer shoots out an infrared beam hitting a surface and relaying the temperature of the surface back to you.

THEORY: In theory when a spirit/ghost starts to manifest, it will draw in heat energy around the area, causing either a cold spot or a hot spot. A cold spot would form because the heat energy is being sucked out of the air causing the air around the entity to be cold. A hot spot would form because the heat energy is being sucked out of the air and confined to a specific area causing a hot spot. In the paranormal field, the ambient air temperature is better because cold/hot spots appear out in the open; where the ambient thermometer will detect it better than the surface thermometer is able to.

HOW TO USE: The first thing you want to do is to get a base reading so you can compare your data later on. Press the yellow button to take temperature readings. You have to set the thermometer to either Fahrenheit or Celsius, by pushing the button. While in the field you want to scan the area looking for any temperature changes. If you get a cold spot or a hot spot then investigate the area. When the investigation is complete make sure to write down your readings in the field report.

RANGE: The Temperature range on this meter is –4 to 140 degrees Fahrenheit. The relative humidity range is from 1% to 99%. The range from the meter to the active field is 0 – 1 foot.

READINGS: A normal reading is usually a 5-degree difference from your base reading. Typically a paranormal reading has a minimum of a 10-degree increase/decrease from your base reading. If you get a drop in temperature, the drop is called a cold spot. You may also get an increase in temperature, which would then be called a hot spot. Hot spots are rare but they do occur. This meter also detects the relative humidity in the air. This is good to know when you’re taking photographs because if there is high humidity, you may capture vapor orbs as a result.

Thermal (Thermo) Imaging

Thermal imaging is probably one of the best pieces of equipment to use in paranormal investigation. It is also the most expensive, which is why most paranormal groups do not use it. Thermal imaging allows you to see the surface temperature of an area. Because most paranormal activity deals with temperature changes, thermal imaging allows you to see these changes, and where they are coming from. The darker colors, such as black, blue and green, represent the colder temperatures. The lighter colors, such as white and red, represent the hotter temperatures. Yellow and orange represent an average temperature of an area. If you see something through thermal imaging, try to follow it with the thermal camera to see where it may lead.

Trifield EMF Meter

THEORY: Theory #1: In theory a spirit/ghost may give off a magnetic field, electric field, and/or a radio/microwave field that can be picked up by a Tri Field Meter. A spirit/ghost may also try to use these fields to manifest.

Theory #2: When a spirit/ghost manifests, it needs energy to do so. In an area where there is a high EMF field, the spirit/ghost may draw in that high EMF and manifest.

HOW TO USE: Set the meter to either Magnetic (0 – 100), Electric, or Radio/Microwave. Majority of the times we will use the setting Magnetic (0 – 100). In the field you want to walk around, away from other people, and look for any type of readings. While you’re walking around, check for any type of power lines or power outlets around the area because it can effect your readings. If you get a reading, stop and try to locate the source.

RANGE: Magnetic (0 –100): The range on the meter at this setting is 0mg – 100mg. The range from the meter to the active field is from 0 – 8 feet.

Electric: The range on the meter at this setting is 1volt – 100volts. The range from the meter to the active field is from 0 – 10 feet.

Radio/Microwave: The range on the meter at this setting is 0.01mW/cm2 – 1mW/cm2. The range from the meter to the active field is from 0 – 15 feet.

READINGS: Magnetic: The unit of measure for this setting is milligaus (mg). Paranormal activity occurs between 3mg – 8mg.

Electric: The unit of measure for this setting is voltage. Paranormal activity occurs between 3volts – 8volts.

Radio/Microwave: The unit of measure for this setting is microwaves divided by centimeters squared (mW/cm2). Paranormal activity occurs between 0.1mW/cm2 - 0.3mW/cm2.

Also paranormal activity may cause erratic movement through the needle in any given setting.

(Natural) Trifield EMF Meter

THEORY: Theory #1: In theory a spirit/ghost may give off a magnetic field, an electric field, and/or a radio/microwave field that can be picked up by a Tri Field Meter. A spirit/ghost may also try to use these fields to manifest.

Theory #2: When a spirit/ghost manifests it needs energy to do so. In an area where there is a high EMF field, the spirit/ghost may draw in that high EMF to manifest.

HOW TO USE: Set the meter to Magnetic, Electric, or Radio/Microwave. Majority of the times we will use the “Magnetic” setting. While investigating, you need to remain very still while using this meter because it picks up the earths natural magnetic poles. When you turn on the meter it will read the maximum reading because the meter needs to zero itself out. When there is no direction change, the meter will have a normal reading. NOTE: If you move slightly the meter will jump up because you’re crossing the meter with the earth’s magnetic poles.

RANGE:  Magnetic: The range on the meter at this setting is 0mg – 100mg. The range from the meter to the active field is from 0 – 8 feet.

Electric: The range on the meter at this setting is 0volts – 100volts. The range from the meter to the active field is from 0 – 6 feet.

Radio/Microwave: The range on the meter at this setting is .01mW/cm² – 1mW/cm². The range from the meter to the active field is from 0 – 20 feet.

NOTE: This is a natural tri-field meter so it will pick up lighting, static electrical charges, earths magnetic poles etc. The ranges on the active fields listed here are at specific sources.

READINGS: Magnetic: The unit of measure for this setting is milligaus (mg). Paranormal activity occurs between 3mg – 8mg.

Electric: The unit of measure for this setting is voltage. Paranormal activity occurs between 3volts – 8volts.

Radio/Microwave: The unit of measure for this setting is microwaves divided by centimeters squared (mW/cm2). Paranormal activity occurs between .1mW/cm2 - .3mW/cm2.

Sum: The “sum” setting on this meter is when there are any changes in either the magnetic or electrical setting.

Also paranormal activity may cause erratic movement through the needle in any given setting.

UV Meter

FACT: The UV (ultraviolet) meter will detect the different ranges of ultraviolet rays from UV-A, UV-B, and UV-C. Ultraviolet rays are part of the light spectrum.

THEORY: In theory when a ghost/spirit manifests it will give off ultraviolet light, which can be detected by this meter.

HOW TO USE:

1 - Check the weather for the day, paying close attention to the UV index. The UV index could have an effect on your readings.

2 – Turn on the meter by holding down the button on the front of the meter.

3 – Scan the area looking for any unusual readings.

4 – At the end of the investigation make sure you log your readings in the log book.

RANGE: In the light spectrum the ultraviolet light ranges from 10nm to 400nm(nanometer). The 3 ranges of UV light are UV-A 320nm to 400nm, UV-B 280nm to 320nm, and UV-C below 280nm. The range on this meter is from 0 – 7+. The range from the meter to the active field depends on the strength of the UV source.

UV Index

0 to 2          3 to 4         4 to 7       7 to 9           10+
     Minimal           Low       Moderate    High Very       High       

READINGS: Normal activity through this meter occurs between 0 to 2 (no light), and 2 to 4 (safe). Paranormal activity occurs between 4 to 7 (caution). Any readings above 7+ (warning) is probably not paranormal.

Video Camera

THEORY: When using a video camera with an IR Light (infrared) the spirit/ghost may reflect off of the IR light, allowing the video camera to see it, where the naked eye cannot.

HOW TO USE: We use different types of video cameras, which are: the HDD camera, Mini DV camera, Hi-8 camera, and DVR cameras. All of the cameras that we use have night shot, which is an IR light that allows you to see in the dark. We use video cameras to capture paranormal evidence, for documentation to prove the investigation really happened, and for time stamping a location. The first thing you should do is, remove the lens and turn the camera on to the “record” position. Then do a pre wrap, stating your name, location, date, and time. During the investigation you should always have the camera recording. Never pause the camera during an investigation. Also try and keep the camera steady. If we are at a location where we are able to use a tripod, you should do so. At the end of the investigation, make sure you do a post wrap, stating your name, location, date, time, and if there was any activity or not.

RANGE:

• HDD Camera: Records on a built in hard drive and has approximately 7 hours of record time. The range from the camera to the active field is 8 feet with the IR light turned on.
• Mini DV Camera: Records on a Mini DV tape and has approximately 1 hour of record time. The range from the camera to the active field is 8 feet with the IR light turned on.
• Hi-8 Camera: Records on a Hi-8 or 8mm tape. Hi-8 is better quality and has approximately 2 hours of record time. The range from the camera to the active field is 12 feet with the IR light turned on.
• DVR Cameras: Records on a DVR unit that has a 250giggabyte hard drive. The range from the camera to the active field is 70 feet with the IR light turned on.

READINGS: When analyzing video footage you want to look for any unusual anomalies or movement. On the cameras that can record sound you also want to look for EVPs. You also want to check the time recorded on the camera for any skips in time in the recording. Make sure that if you find something on video, you log the time it happened and the location.

Walkie-Talkie 2-Way Radios

THEORY: In theory a ghost/spirit may communicate with you through the walkie-talkies.

HOW TO USE: We use walkie-talkies to communicate with other members in our group. The first thing you should do is pick a band number to communicate on. Then press the PTT button, which means “Push To Talk.” Press down and hold the PTT button in order to relay a message. To receive a message, just listen.

RANGE: The walkie-talkies we use range from 1 mile to 17 miles. Some of the walkie-talkies that we use have a quiet band. Our walkie-talkies range from FRS to GMRS. FRS stands for “Family Radio Service.” The FRS band walkie-talkies range from 1 to 4 miles. You do not need an FCC license for these. GMRS stands for “General Mobile Radio Service.” The GMRS band walkie-talkies range from 5 miles and up. To use GMRS band walkie-talkies you need an FCC license.

READINGS: A normal reading with a walkie-talkie would be no interference. There are numerous reasons why you can get interference on walkie-talkies. Some of the reasons are: if they are too close to each other, cell phone frequencies, electrical lines, and railroad tracks. There are some environmental factors that can also effect walkie-talkies such as hills, trees, weather patterns etc. A paranormal reading through the walkie-talkies would be any unusual sounds or voices that come over the band. The only problem with using the walkie-talkies as a tool in paranormal investigation is that all bands are open for any one to use, so if you get something over the walkie-talkies it could be someone just messing with you. If you get activity over the walkie-talkies it is good to have a recording device so you can analyze the interference.

White Noise

White noise can be used to eliminate background noise on an audio recording to help analyze the recording for listening to EVPs (Electronic Voice Phenomenon). White noise can be generated from a CD with white noise sound.

White noise can also be used by a spirits/ghosts to help generate EVPs. If you play white noise during the investigation, it may attract spirits/ghosts. The downside of using white noise is filtering out the white noise once the recording is complete in order to enhance the EVPs.

Click Here for our article about White Noise.

 
(Sensor)

(Receiver)
 

Wireless Motion Sensor

THEORY: A motion sensor will pick up any kind of movement that passes in front of the sensor. In theory, after a spirit/ghost has manifested and is moving around, it may pass in front of a motion sensor causing the unit to sound.

HOW TO USE: The first thing you want to do is set up the sensor in an active field. Then set up the receiver to either “silent” mode or “sound” mode. The receiver will be kept with you at all times. During the investigation keep a close look at the receiver box to see if there is any movement. If the alarm should go off, you should go and investigate the area where the sensor was placed.

RANGE: The range from the sensor to the receiver is 0 to 1200 feet. The range of the sensor to the active field is 0 to 30 feet.

READINGS: If the sensor does not pick up any activity, note that there was no paranormal activity through the motion sensor in the field report. If the sensor picks up some kind of activity, then you will need to investigate the area to determine whether or not it is paranormal activity.

Wind Meter

FACT: The wind meter detects wind speed and wind direction.

THEORY: The wind meter detects wind speed and wind direction.

Theory # 1: When a spirit/ghost starts to manifest itself, it may cause a gust of wind. If you are asking EVP questions and you ask the spirit/ghost to give you a sign, it may cause a slight breeze, which can be picked up by a wind meter.

Theory # 2: In certain haunted locations there may be claims that the spirit/ghost runs passed people, causing a gust of wind. A wind meter can pick up this sudden gust of wind.

RANGE: The range of the wind meter will pick up winds from 1 mph and above.

HOW TO USE: The first thing you should do is check the weather conditions that day to see what the wind speed is. During the investigation hold the wind meter in the air making sure you don’t block the intake of the meter and take readings. If you get any gusts of wind, find out what direction it came from and investigate the area. When the investigation is over write down your readings in the field report.

READINGS: You are looking for any gusts of wind that might feel out of the ordinary. If there are any gusts of wind 5mph over the weather reports, for out door investigations than it may be paranormal. For an indoor investigation if there are no drafts around than paranormal activity could be any reading higher than 1-mph.

Zap Checker

FACT: This meter detects electronic radiation. The meter can detect signals from microwave ovens, cell phones, wireless phones, covert (hidden) cameras, electronic bugs, monitoring devices, wireless computers, wireless networking equipment, electronic car keys etc. Variation in signal strength may be due to multiple bouncing electrical signals, bouncing from wall to wall.

THEORY: In theory a ghost/spirit may interfere with electrical signals, which can be picked up by the zap checker.

HOW TO USE: The first thing you do is set the meter to “linear mode” at a sensitivity of 6. The sensitivity control goes from 0 – 10, 10 being the most sensitive. Then you walk the field. If the meter ranges from 20 -60 then there might be paranormal activity.

RANGE: High sensitivity will detect cell phones and covert bugs at more than 20 + feet, microwaves 40 + feet, FRS radios (walkie-talkies) and ham radios at 80 + feet. Frequency ranges from around 10 MHz to 4.5 GHz. Paranormal activity will occur between 20 – 60. The range on the meter is 0 – 100.

READINGS: The meter measures background electronic radiation. We use “linear mode” for paranormal investigations. “Log mode” is used mainly to measure signals from transmitting devices. A normal reading is from 0 – 20. A paranormal reading is from 20 – 60. Any erratic movement on the meter may also be paranormal. If you get paranormal activity try to confirm it with an EMF meter.